Posted on 15 December 2013. Tags: Causality, Co integration, CPI, GDP, Perceived Public Expenditure, unemployment
The paper investigates the long-run relationship between government expenditures and a set of macroeconomic variables (GDP, consumer price index and unemployment) using annual data collected from CBN statistical bulletin for a period of 19891 to 2011. It particularly adopts Johansen multivariate co integration for its estimation procedure and discovers that there is long-run relationship between government expenditure and the specified macroeconomic variables. It also discovers that an increase in capital expenditure improves economic bliss, while recurrent expenditure is detrimental to growth. Finally, our findings show that most of the variables do not Granger cause each other, but however, recurrent expenditure Granger causes prices, in the same veil capital expenditure does granger cause unemployment.
Macroeconomic Variables and the Dynamic Effect of Public Expenditure: Long-term Trend Analysis in Nigeria (477.4 KiB, 5,520 hits)
Posted in Economics, Volume III, Issue no. 6
Posted on 15 February 2012. Tags: active programs, employment, employment policies, unemployment
High variation of unemployment level in Albania for more than a decade shows that unemployment still remains a problem to solve. Given the conditions, the focus of employment policies is on increasing employment opportunities, in order to make unemployed people active in the labor market. This is the reason of applying many employment programs and making expenses for their funding. Most evaluation studies of active labor market policies (ALMPs) focus on micro-econometric evaluation. Only a few studies of ALMPs focus on macro-econometric evaluation. Also, most of the facts of evaluation belong to developing countries. During the last years, data on the analysis of the progress of these policies in transitional countries, Albania included, are made available.
Our study focuses on the theoretical and empirical analysis of different types of active policies. Data used for the empirical analysis are those on employment policies in Albania during 1999 – 2010. Our study evaluates the impact of active labor-market programmers in Albania on the whole economy. The evaluation focuses on vocational training and on subsidized employment programmers in order to compare them. In analyzing the data, we drew the conclusion that a professional training program is a program with a positive impact on the level of employment (reducing unemployment), followed by a program of promoting employment through work education.
Impact of Active Labor Market Programs on Employment: Albania’s Case (917.9 KiB, 4,535 hits)
Posted in Economics, Volume II, Issue no. 1